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How We Bring Spine Surgery to Tribal Villages In the silent, sun-soaked corners of tribal India—where red soil meets forest trails and healthcare is a distant dream—many people live with pain they cannot name. Some stoop not from age, but from decades of untreated spine disorders. Others walk miles, bent and burdened, unaware that help exists. At The Spine Foundation, we’ve made it our mission to take spine surgery—often confined to high-tech hospitals in cities—to the heart of India’s remotest tribal villages. This is a story of bridging gaps, of healing spines, and of restoring lives with dignity and hope. The Silent Suffering in Tribal India In places like Jawhar, Nandurbar, Dahanu, and Melghat, back pain is more than discomfort—it’s a way of life. Farmers till fields with herniated discs. Elderly women walk to wells with collapsed vertebrae. Children live with undiagnosed spinal deformities. But because the symptoms build gradually—and because pain is normalized—spinal disorders often go untreated for years. There are three core challenges in these regions: Lack of awareness: Most people don’t recognize early signs of spine disorders. Lack of access: The nearest specialty hospital may be over 100 km away. Lack of affordability: Even if they reach a hospital, surgery costs are out of reach.   This is where The Spine Foundation steps in—not just as a medical provider, but as a lifeline. Our Vision: Taking Care to the Last Mile Founded by Dr. Shekhar Bhojraj, India’s leading spine surgeon, The Spine Foundation is built on a simple belief: “No one should live in pain simply because of where they were born.” To translate this vision into action, we do not wait for patients to come to us. We go to them. Our work begins with screening and awareness camps in rural and tribal areas. Local volunteers, village health workers, and physiotherapists identify patients showing signs of spinal issues—back pain, numbness, weakness in limbs, or deformity. From there, the journey begins. Setting Up Rural Spine Surgery Camps Every surgery camp in a tribal district is the result of months of coordination and compassion. Here’s how we make spine surgery possible in places where even an X-ray machine is a rarity. 1. Identifying Needful Patients Our local healthcare teams, including Rural Spine Health Workers trained by us, maintain contact with patients across villages. Preliminary assessment and imaging is done at rural partner hospitals like JJ Hospital Rural Branches, Paral Hospital (Melghat), or Sanjeevan Hospital (Jalgaon). Our spine surgeons and fellows screen the reports remotely and shortlist surgical candidates. 2. Assembling a Mobile Surgical Team We create a traveling team of: Spine surgeons (fellows trained under The Spine Foundation) Anesthetists Operation theatre technicians Physiotherapists All equipment, including operating microscopes, C-arms, drills, and surgical instruments, are transported from Mumbai. 3. Partnering with Local Hospitals We collaborate with rural hospitals that can offer: Basic OT infrastructure In-patient care beds Post-operative monitoring support Our core partners include Kasturba Hospital (Dahanu), PRMM Hospital (Jawhar), and others who trust our process and provide space and support. 4. Performing Surgeries with Precision Over 2–3 intensive days, the team performs: Microdiscectomies Decompressions Spinal fusions Tuberculosis-related spine reconstructions We maintain the same surgical safety protocols used in city hospitals. In many cases, patients walk out upright for the first time in years. Post-Operative Care and Follow-up Surgery is just the beginning. Our team ensures: Regular physiotherapy is provided by local Rural Spine Health Workers. Follow-up camps are held to monitor recovery. Tele-rehabilitation is used when in-person visits aren’t feasible. We also educate patients and families about: Lifestyle changes Medication adherence Red flags for recurrence Stories That Inspire Us While we avoid fictional storytelling, real stories from our camps speak volumes. People like: Anna Kunthekar from Mokhada, who couldn’t walk without help due to lumbar spine TB, is now helping other women in her village get screened. Rajani Patil from Jalgaon, who suffered from a slipped disc for two years, received a successful surgery through our Melghat camp. Nanda Surve from Palghar, a farmworker with a crushed vertebra, returned to work 4 months after spinal fixation. These are not stories of just surgery—they’re stories of restored livelihood, regained dignity, and hope. Training the Next Generation of Rural Spine Surgeons A key pillar of our mission is capacity building. We train: Young orthopedic surgeons from across India through our Spine Fellowship Program. Local physiotherapists and health workers to recognize and manage spine cases. Community volunteers, ensuring that even in our absence, the ecosystem continues to thrive. Overcoming Challenges in the Field Bringing advanced surgeries to tribal regions isn’t easy. We face: Electricity shortages Lack of surgical consumables Language barriers Patient reluctance due to fear or stigma. But through trust-building, consistent presence, and partnerships, we navigate these with empathy and innovation. Our Impact Dozens of camps held annually across Maharashtra and rural India. Thousands screened, hundreds operated. Permanent spine care centers now functional in Melghat, Jawhar, Dahanu, and Nandurbar. Most importantly, we’ve created a model of decentralized, cost-effective spine care that can be replicated across India. The Road Ahead Our dream is to establish Spine Surgery as a right, not a privilege. We aim to: Expand our camps into Chhattisgarh, Odisha, and North-East India. Build a network of 100 Rural Spine Health Workers across India by 2026. Create a rural tele-spine hub, connecting patients to surgeons via mobile tech. You Can Support This Mission You can be a part of this change. Here’s how: Donate to sponsor a surgery or physiotherapy kit. Partner with us as a rural hospital or health NGO. Volunteer your time or skills in media, tech, logistics, or healthcare. Every step forward means one more person stands taller, walks freer, and lives better. Conclusion: A Straight Spine, A Stronger Future In tribal villages where healthcare is a privilege, The Spine Foundation is redefining what’s possible. We’re not just bringing surgeries—we’re restoring lives, rebuilding confidence, and reconnecting people with hope. Because when we heal a spine, we do more than fix bones. We give someone the strength to live

Spinal Tuberculosis: Rural India’s Hidden Epidemic Back pain is one of the most common health complaints across India. But in many villages and underserved communities, that pain isn’t just a strain or injury—it’s something much more serious: spinal tuberculosis. While most awareness campaigns focus on pulmonary tuberculosis, spinal tuberculosis (also known as Pott’s disease) is a hidden epidemic—especially in rural and low-income areas. Left untreated, it can silently destroy the spinal cord, leading to paralysis, deformity, and permanent disability. What Is Spinal Tuberculosis? Spinal tuberculosis happens when the TB bacteria infects the bones and discs of the spine. It starts gradually—often with mild back pain or fatigue—but as the infection grows, it can compress the spinal cord and nerves, causing: Severe back pain Weakness or numbness in the legs Difficulty walking Loss of bowel or bladder control If left untreated, spinal TB can lead to irreversible paralysis. A Real Story of Recovery: Reshma Khan, Age 22 Reshma Khan, a 22-year-old from Kandivali, arrived at V.N. Desai Hospital in a devastating condition. Months of untreated back pain had turned into something far worse. She had developed TB spondylodiscitis—a severe form of spinal TB that had crushed her spinal cord. By the time she was brought to the hospital, Reshma was completely paralyzed from the waist down. She had lost all control over her bladder and bowel movements. The MRI scan revealed critical spinal cord compression due to tuberculosis. The Spine Foundation team responded immediately. In a high-risk and rare procedure, they performed a complex surgery involving spinal decompression and Hartshill fixation—a technique used to stabilize and protect the spine. Just ten days later, Reshma was walking again—with minimal support. Her recovery is not just a medical success—it’s a story of hope, resilience, and the power of timely, expert spine care. Why Spinal TB Is a Hidden Threat in Rural India Spinal TB is not uncommon—but it’s often ignored or misdiagnosed, especially in underserved areas. Here’s why it spreads silently: -Lack of Diagnosis In many rural health centers, there’s no access to MRI machines or trained specialists. Chronic back pain is usually treated with painkillers, not investigated further. -Incomplete Treatment TB treatment requires 12–18 months of uninterrupted medication. Many patients stop midway—due to lack of awareness, access, or economic hardship. -Malnutrition and Poor Living Conditions Low immunity from malnutrition increases TB risk and slows healing—especially in tribal regions. -Social Stigma TB is still feared and misunderstood. Many families hide the illness, or only seek help when the symptoms become critical. How The Spine Foundation Steps In At The Spine Foundation, we work to bring specialized spine care to places where it’s most needed—rural, tribal, and low-income communities across India. 1. Early Detection through Local Doctors We train rural doctors through the Local Spine Resource Fellowship (LSRF) to identify and manage spine conditions like TB early—before they cause permanent damage. 2. Conducting Free Spine Surgeries When conservative treatment fails, our team organizes spine surgery camps in government hospitals and rural medical centers. These surgeries are free of cost to the patient. 3. Post-Operative Follow-Up Our trained fellows ensure patients continue their TB medication and attend regular follow-ups. We support long-term recovery with physiotherapy and mobility aids. The Bigger Picture: What the Data Shows India reports the highest number of TB cases globally. Spinal TB is the most common form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. In districts like Gadchiroli, Palghar, and Nandurbar, TSF has treated dozens of spinal TB cases that were otherwise undiagnosed. But behind every number is a human story—like Reshma’s. Reshma’s Story Is Not an Exception There are hundreds of Reshmas across India—young men and women who ignore back pain until it becomes paralysis. But spinal TB is treatable and curable, especially if diagnosed early. At The Spine Foundation, we believe no one should lose their mobility—or their future—because of where they live. Through awareness, diagnosis, and expert care, we’re making sure more people like Reshma get a second chance to walk, work, and live with dignity.

Rural Health Needs Specialists—Not Just Generalists: Here’s Why Introduction: Beyond the Village Clinic In India’s villages and tribal hamlets, the lone white-coated figure at the primary health centre (PHC) is often a general practitioner or paramedic. They are the first—and sometimes only—port of call for fevers, scraped knees, and childbirth. But what happens when the problem isn’t a fever at all, but a hidden heart murmur? Or when “growing pains” in a teenager are actually early scoliosis? When chronic back pain in a farmer masks a slipped disc? These are the moments that expose the limits of generalist care. Generalists are indispensable—they administer vaccines, manage outbreaks, deliver babies, and stitch up wounds. Yet in a country where 70% of people live in rural areas, serious conditions requiring specialists (orthopaedic surgeons, cardiologists, neurologists, oncologists) too often go undiagnosed, mistreated, or ignored. This isn’t just a gap in services; it’s a human crisis. 1. The Brave Work of Generalists—and Their Limits 1.1 Rooted in Every Village Walk into any PHC in a tribal district and you’ll meet Dr. Meena: trained in broad-based medicine, juggling malaria tests, antenatal check-ups, and the occasional snakebite. Her day might start at dawn with immunizations, move on to treating diarrhea outbreaks, then delivering twins, before ending with stock-taking of essential medicines. Yet, when a truck-driver arrives with crushing chest pain, or when an 11-year-old’s spine begins to curve, her toolkit—despite years of training—can fall short. There is no on-site echocardiogram for a murmuring heart, no X-ray to catch early scoliosis, and certainly no MRI to spot a herniated disc pressing on nerves. 1.2 The Toll of Scope Creep Generalists fill gaps. They reassure anxious mothers, prescribe antibiotics, and refer serious cases to district hospitals. But every referral is another barrier: Distance: 100–200 km by jeep or bus Cost: Travel, tests, medicines Lost Wages: Days off the farm or out of the fields Family Burden: Who looks after children or elders in their absence? By the time the specialist visit happens, a treatable condition may have become a debilitating one. 2. Lives in the Balance: The Human Cost 2.1 Aaliya’s Curve In Gadchiroli, 13-year-old Aaliya was once the best runner on her school’s sports day. Over months, her left shoulder began to dip. Villagers assumed she’d injured her back carrying firewood. Local massages helped her pain briefly—but the curve worsened. Aaliya’s teachers fought to keep her in class, but by 14 she could no longer sit comfortably on the school bench. A mobile spine camp by The Spine Foundation (TSF) diagnosed early-stage scoliosis. Through TSF’s referral, Aaliya underwent corrective surgery—and a year later, she stands tall, back to racing her peers. Without a spine specialist even 200 km away, her curve would have progressed beyond correction. 2.2 Rajan’s Silent Heart Rajan, a 45-year-old paddy farmer in Odisha, sometimes felt a tightness in his chest. He shrugged it off as “old age” until one day he collapsed in the fields. At the PHC, the GP noted “weakness” and rest. Weeks later, a visiting cardiology van—another TSF partnership—revealed a failing valve from untreated rheumatic heart disease. A simple valve repair could have cost a fraction of the later, more invasive surgery he eventually required. 3. Why Specialists Shy Away 3.1 Hardship Beyond the White Coat Specialists—cardiologists, orthopaedic surgeons, neurologists—need proper operation theatres, diagnostic labs, and stable electricity. Yet many PHCs lack basic infrastructure: intermittent power, no CT scanner, or even reliable water. Specialists are understandably reluctant to practice where: Equipment is sparse Emergency back-up (blood banks, ICUs) doesn’t exist Their skills lie idle 3.2 Personal & Professional Hurdles Beyond facilities, posting a specialist to a tribal block brings: Career concerns: Limited CME (continuing medical education), research opportunities, or professional networking Family challenges: Few schools, no modern housing, and social isolation in unfamiliar cultures and languages Financial disincentive: Rural allowances often don’t offset the hardships The result: a rural health workforce crisis where even MBBS generalists are hard to recruit—let alone super-specialists. 4. Bridging the Gap: Real-World Solutions 4.1 Telemedicine & e-Consultations Imagine Dr. Suresh in Mumbai guiding Dr. Meena in Gadchiroli through a live echo-cardiogram, or reviewing an MRI slice over a videoconference. Telemedicine can: Offer real-time specialist input Avoid unnecessary patient travel Build local doctors’ confidence and skills Several states have piloted such models, connecting 200+ rural centres to urban hospitals, with significant drop in referral rates. 4.2 Mobile Specialist Clinics Following the blueprint of TSF’s Mobile Spine Clinics, similar specialized vans can roam: Cardiac Care Vans with portable ECG and echo machines Eye Camps for cataract screening and surgeries Dental Units for oral health, which is otherwise neglected Mental Health Teams offering counselling in local dialects These vans bring targeted specialist outreach, eliminating the “100 km barrier.” 4.3 Public-Private Partnerships Governments collaborating with NGOs and private hospitals can: Co-fund specialist camps in high-need districts Create “rural specialist hubs” at select CHCs—upgrading them with minimal infrastructure (portable scanners, trained nurses) Subsidize patient travel and lodging, removing financial barriers Such partnerships leverage existing expertise in both sectors, rapidly scaling specialist access. 4.4 Incentives for Rural Postings To attract specialists permanently: Offer attractive rural allowances, comparable to or exceeding urban private practice rates Guarantee Career Progression & academic sabbaticals Provide family benefits: schooling assistance, housing, spousal employment support Ensure tele-CME access, linking rural postings to ongoing training Rural specialists shouldn’t feel they’ve been banished—they should see it as a prestigious, supported role. 5. The Spine Foundation Model: A Beacon of Hope While spine care is just one specialty, The Spine Foundation demonstrates how specialist outreach can work: Mobile Spine ClinicsSpine surgeons and physiotherapists visit deep tribal belts in Maharashtra, Odisha, and beyond. They screen for scoliosis, kyphosis, slipped discs, and nerve compression—offering on-the-spot referrals and follow-up. Rural Spine Care Centres (RSCCs)In Gadchiroli (with SEARCH), Melghat, and other districts, permanent centres staffed by TSF-trained fellows deliver continuity of care—surgery, rehab, and community education. Building Local CapacityTSF’s fellows, often recruited from rural medical colleges, return home to practice. ASHA workers and local

When the Doctor is 100 km Away: The Struggle for Spine Care in Remote Villages Somewhere in a remote tribal village in Chhattisgarh, a 14-year-old girl named Rinki winces as she bends to pick up her school bag. It’s heavy, but it’s not the weight alone. Her back hurts more than it should. Her mother thinks it’s just growing pains. Nobody suspects scoliosis. Nobody even knows what that is. And even if they did, what next? The nearest spine specialist is more than 100 km away. This is not just one girl’s story. This is the everyday struggle of rural India—of thousands of children, women, and elders who silently carry the burden of undiagnosed spinal issues. The Silent Epidemic No One Talks About When we think of back problems or spinal disorders, we imagine city dwellers stuck at desks or older people with sedentary lifestyles. But in truth, some of the worst cases are hidden in India’s most rural and tribal areas—places where life itself demands physical strain every single day. People walk for kilometres carrying firewood. Children carry water pots taller than themselves. Women squat for hours cooking over open fires. And yet, back pain is rarely treated as a medical issue. It’s seen as “normal.” Or karma. Or age. But it’s not just wear and tear. Spinal deformities like scoliosis and kyphosis are shockingly common among tribal adolescents. Slipped discs, nerve compressions, and severe back pain are crippling older generations too. What makes it worse: Malnutrition: Weak bones and muscles from poor childhood nutrition. No early screening: Spinal curvature often goes unnoticed until it’s severe. No access to physiotherapy: Most PHCs aren’t equipped to deal with spinal issues. Cultural stigma: Deformities are hidden, and pain is tolerated in silence. By the time a patient seeks help, they’re often bent, immobile, or unable to work. And unfortunately, help isn’t around the corner—it’s usually across a state highway, beyond a forest, or three buses away. When 100 Kilometres Feels Like 1000 Imagine you’re in a small village in Gadchiroli. Your back has been hurting for months. You’re barely sleeping. Your legs have started tingling. But the only spine doctor is in Nagpur—over 120 km away. Now factor in: One bus every two days. Roads washed out by monsoon. No one to look after your children if you leave. A daily wage job you’ll miss if you go. Fear of being told “surgery karni padegi” with no money to pay. So, you stay home. You endure. Until it’s too late. This is what “healthcare access” really means in the heart of India. It’s not about whether hospitals exist. It’s about whether people can reach them—and whether they feel safe and supported enough to try. The Spine Foundation: Reaching the Forgotten This is where The Spine Foundation (TSF) steps in—quietly, consistently, and with deep care. Founded by Dr. Shekhar Bhojraj, one of the country’s most respected spine surgeons, TSF has been on a mission to bring spine care to places where even basic healthcare is a luxury. Visit your nearest Spine Center. Here’s how: Mobile Spine Clinics Vans equipped with diagnostic tools and led by trained spine doctors. They visit remote tribal regions—crossing rivers, driving through forests, parking in school grounds or village mandaps. People are screened for scoliosis, kyphosis, nerve problems, and more. Those who need surgery are referred to partnered hospitals—sometimes with transport, food, and full cost covered. These mobile clinics have become a lifeline. People wait for them like they wait for rainfall. Rural Spine Care Centres (RSCCs) These are permanent spine care hubs set up in areas like Gadchiroli (in partnership with SEARCH), Melghat, and Dantewada. Staffed by TSF-trained doctors—often locals who’ve come back after training. Offer follow-ups, physio, and community-level education on posture, lifting, and spinal hygiene. Building Local Capacity ASHA workers and local health volunteers are trained to spot early signs of spinal issues. School teachers are taught to check for abnormal spinal curves during class. Young MBBS doctors from rural areas are offered fellowships in spine care—creating sustainability. Real Stories. Real Change. Sameer, 11, from Melghat, always walked with a slant. Kids made fun of him. Teachers said he was lazy. His parents thought he had a “weak back.” Then a TSF van arrived. A quick check revealed scoliosis. Within weeks, he was treated. Today, he stands tall, goes to school, and plays cricket. Ganga Bai, a 62-year-old from Dantewada, spent months lying down, thinking she had a stroke. Her leg was numb. She couldn’t sit. A TSF doctor diagnosed nerve compression. With a small surgery and guided physio, she’s now back to grazing goats and walking unaided. These aren’t miracle cases. They’re simply what happens when care meets access. The Gender Divide: When Women’s Pain is Dismissed Let’s talk about the invisible burden women carry. They lift, squat, bend, stretch, and carry the family—literally. But they’re also the last to seek care. Reasons? “Who will take care of the house?” “I can’t afford to go.” “It’ll go away on its own.” Shame and modesty, especially around male doctors TSF’s mobile clinics are consciously designed to make women feel safe and heard. Female staff, private screenings, and community outreach make a huge difference. Girls in schools are screened quietly and respectfully. Mothers are counselled with care. In many tribal villages, this is the first time women are even told their pain has a name—and a solution. Why This Matters—Now More Than Ever India’s healthcare system is stretched. But for the rural poor, especially in tribal belts, the situation is dire. 70% of India lives in rural areas. But less than 10% of spine specialists are accessible outside cities. PHCs are rarely equipped for spine-related care. Most spinal disorders go untreated for years. The economic loss from chronic back pain is massive, yet uncalculated. And let’s not forget the emotional toll. When a child drops out due to bullying, or a farmer can’t earn because of pain, it affects not just individuals—but entire families and

Scoliosis in Tribal Teens: Spotting the Signs Before It’s Too Late In the tribal belts of India—where mountains stretch wide, forests run deep, and life follows the rhythm of the earth—there’s a silent problem that very few are talking about. It’s not visible at first. It doesn’t make headlines. But it’s there—in the way a child walks, bends, or stands with one shoulder slightly higher than the other. This blog is about scoliosis—a spinal deformity that’s quietly affecting tribal teens across rural India. And the worst part? Most families don’t even know it exists until it’s too late. The Reality on the Ground In many of these regions—Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, parts of Jharkhand or Madhya Pradesh—children grow up active. They walk long distances to school. They help their parents in the fields. They carry water, wood, or little siblings on their backs. Life starts early, and strength is valued. But when a child’s back starts curving to one side, it’s often brushed off. “He stands like that because of habit.” “She must have slept wrong.” “It’s nothing, it’ll go away.” Sometimes, it’s blamed on the evil eye or a family curse. And so, years pass before anyone realizes it’s scoliosis—a condition that, if diagnosed early, can be managed or even corrected. But if ignored? It can lead to lifelong disability, chronic pain, and emotional distress. What Exactly Is Scoliosis? Scoliosis is when the spine curves sideways, usually in an “S” or “C” shape. It often shows up during adolescence, right when a child hits a growth spurt. That’s what makes it so tricky—kids might look fine until they hit 11 or 12, and then slowly, their posture changes without any pain at first. Some of the most common early signs include: Uneven shoulders or hips Clothes not hanging straight One side of the ribcage protruding more than the other A visible curve in the back when bending forward Leaning to one side when standing These signs may seem minor—but they’re critical early warnings. Most parents, teachers, or even local health workers don’t recognize them in time. Why Tribal Teens Are Especially at Risk There’s no single reason scoliosis hits tribal teens harder—but here are a few overlapping realities: Limited access to healthcare: Most Primary Health Centres (PHCs) in tribal areas aren’t equipped to detect or treat spinal deformities. No regular screening: Schools don’t have annual spine check-ups or trained teachers to spot signs. Poor nutrition: Malnutrition, especially calcium and vitamin D deficiency, can weaken the spine and make conditions like scoliosis worse. Physical strain from a young age: While physical labor doesn’t cause scoliosis, it can intensify the symptoms and lead to faster deterioration. Stigma and myths: In many villages, visible spinal deformities are still misunderstood or feared. A Story That Stays With You In a small tribal village in Melghat (Maharashtra), a 14-year-old girl named Sunita was brought to a health camp organized by The Spine Foundation. She had stopped going to school because the other children teased her for walking “crooked.” Her parents thought it was just bad posture. But during the screening, doctors found she had advanced scoliosis. She was immediately referred for further tests and, thanks to TSF, was given a free corrective surgery in Mumbai. Today, she’s back in school. She still walks a little carefully, but she’s standing straighter—not just physically, but emotionally too. This is just one story. There are thousands more waiting to be told—if only someone notices in time. What Can Be Done – Even With Limited Resources 1. Basic Spine Screening in Schools A simple “forward-bend test” can help identify scoliosis. It takes less than a minute. If teachers or health workers are trained to do this regularly, early signs can be spotted well before things get serious. 2. Community Awareness Drives Through local language posters, audio announcements, and school programs, we can help parents understand what scoliosis is and what it isn’t. It’s not a curse. It’s not shameful. And yes—it can be treated. 3. Nutrition Programs Strong bones need the right fuel. Campaigns focusing on calcium, protein, and vitamin D-rich diets for adolescents—especially girls—can make a big difference. 4. Training Local Health Workers ASHA workers, Anganwadi staff, and village-level health providers are often the first point of contact. Empowering them with knowledge and screening tools can bridge the gap between early signs and expert help. What The Spine Foundation (TSF) Is Doing The Spine Foundation has been quietly doing some of the most impactful work in this space, especially in tribal and remote areas. Founded by Dr. Shekhar Bhojraj, one of India’s leading spine surgeons, TSF believes that no one should suffer simply because of where they were born. ✅ Rural Spine Care Centres (RSCCs) Located in tribal belts and rural interiors, these centers provide long-term, low-cost spinal care, follow-ups, and physiotherapy services—right where people live. ✅ Mobile Spine Clinics TSF’s vans travel to hard-to-reach villages, carrying a team of doctors, portable scanning equipment, and treatment options. This brings spine care directly to the people who need it most. ✅ Free Surgeries for the Needy For advanced scoliosis cases that require surgery, TSF identifies deserving patients and arranges free or subsidized operations, often in Mumbai or Pune, with pre- and post-operative care covered. ✅ Training Local Talent Instead of always sending patients to cities, TSF believes in building local capacity. They train rural doctors, physiotherapists, and health workers, creating a network of spine-aware care providers across the country. ✅ Research & Policy Advocacy TSF is also collecting real data on spinal conditions in rural India—helping shape future healthcare policy, and pushing for better public support and funding for spinal health programs. Final Thoughts: Let’s Not Wait Until It’s Too Late Scoliosis isn’t a new condition—but ignoring it in tribal teens is a new tragedy. These are children with potential, with dreams, and with the right to stand tall—literally and figuratively. But they need our help.They need us to notice, to act early, and to support organizations like The Spine

Understanding Common Spinal Diseases in Rural India: Challenges and Interventions Spinal wellness is an important but frequently neglected part of overall health, particularly in India’s rural communities. In these populations, where individuals rely extensively on manual labour and have limited access to medical care, spinal problems are not only prevalent —they’re frequently life-changing. Back pain, scoliosis, kyphosis, and lordosis are among the conditions that afflict a high percentage of the population, many of whom silently endure because of ignorance and a lack of resources. This blog examines the most prevalent spinal diseases in rural India, why they’re so prevalent, and how they’re being addressed through grass-root level healthcare initiatives, specifically by The Spine Foundation (TSF), which is bringing spine specialty care to the doorstep of some of India’s most underserved communities. 1. Lower Back Pain (LBP) Perhaps the most common spinal disease in rural communities, lower back pain occurs in more than 65% of the population, versus 49% in urban communities. In women, the figure rises to almost 80%. Why It Occurs: Extended periods of fieldwork, bending, or lifting without ergonomic assistance Poor posture due to ignorance Late medical care Application of traditional, usually ineffective treatments This isn’t merely a physical issue — it disrupts livelihoods. Farm workers, laborers, and homemakers struggle to go on with daily activities, causing a chain reaction of social and economic problems. 2. Scoliosis This lateral curvature of the spine, frequently found in children and teenagers, is underdiagnosed in rural India. Small-scale studies estimate prevalence at 0.13% in Punjab and 0.2% in Assam, but specialists opine that the real statistics are far higher. Causes: Congenital (at birth) Neuromuscular diseases (e.g., cerebral palsy) Idiopathic (unknown etiology, commonly in adolescents) The majority of cases remain undetected due to the lack of school screening and regular pediatric checks, particularly in isolated villages. 3. Kyphosis and Lordosis Kyphosis is a beyond-normal outward curve of the upper spine (causing a hunched back), while lordosis is an abnormally large inward curve of the lower back. Prevalent in: Older adults Women with heavy loads Individuals with nutritional deficiencies (particularly calcium and vitamin D) Kyphosis and lordosis can both contribute to poor posture, breathing problems, and persistent pain. 4. Cervical Spondylosis This age-related deterioration of spinal discs in the neck is also common in workers who do extensive head-loading jobs. It is also present in women who do extensive looking-down activities such as cooking, sewing, or working in the fields. Symptoms: Stiffness in the neck Radiating pain in shoulders and arms Headaches and dizziness 5. Herniated Disc Usually referred to as a slipped disc, this condition is caused by a tear in the spinal disc, resulting in pain, numbness, or even disability. Triggers in rural settings: Lifting heavy loads without proper technique Accidental falls or trauma 6. Spinal Tuberculosis (Pott’s Disease) Still found in rural India, spinal TB can lead to vertebral collapse, deformity, and even paralysis if left untreated. Why it continues: Malnutrition Poor sanitation Delayed diagnosis due to lack of diagnostic facilities 7. Osteoporotic Spine Fractures These are very prevalent in elderly women, particularly postmenopausal women with low calcium. Most remain unreported until a fall or intense pain occurs. 8. Congenital Spinal Disorders Spina bifida, tethered cord syndrome, and other vertebral malformations are sometimes detected but seldom treated early because of a lack of screening in the newborn period. 9. Spinal Stenosis This includes narrowing of the spinal canal and most commonly affects elderly persons. In rural areas, it causes increasing disability as mobility is reduced with age. 10. Spinal Muscular Atrophies and Neuromuscular Disorders These are uncommon but ruinous when they happen, particularly where long-term rehabilitative care is unavailable. The Ripple Effect on Spinal Health Contributing Factors for Spinal Disorders in Rural India 1. Occupational Hazards Long working hours in fields, construction areas, or while carrying firewood Head-loading practices Insufficient instruments and posture instruction 2. Inadequate Healthcare Access Just 22% of India’s healthcare facility is in rural areas, while 68% of the populace resides there. For specialized healthcare such as spinal health, it is even broader. 3. Nutritional Shortfalls Shortage of calcium, vitamin D, and protein Poor maternal health leading to congenital spinal abnormalities 4. Lack of Awareness Individuals do not consider spinal symptoms to warrant medical care until they are severe. A wait-and-see approach using local healers or self-care increases the risk of delayed treatment. 5. Social Stigma Deformities such as scoliosis or spina bifida stigmatize affected children, causing families to conceal their condition instead of presenting themselves for care. Making a Difference: How The Spine Foundation is Helping to Save Lives Mobile Spine Units These are mobile teams that visit rural villages where medical attention is not otherwise available. They have diagnostic equipment and qualified physicians on board and offer on-the-spot consultation, diagnosis, and advice on treatment. Rural Spine Care Centres (RSCCs) They are temporary clinics established in rural hospitals and operated by locally trained physicians. They provide follow-up and continuity of care to patients with chronic spinal conditions. Weekly Health Camps TSF organizes weekly spine-focused health camps, treating hundreds of patients each month in remote districts. Online Consultations Telemedicine is utilized by TSF to facilitate online consultations by remote village patients with spine experts in metros, thus avoiding delays and travel expenses. Doctor Training Programs TSF spends on training local MBBS doctors in the basics of spine care so that cases can be detected early and managed at the grassroots level. Rehabilitation Support TSF ensures that post-operative care and physiotherapy are provided either by trained local therapists or follow-up appointments. Awareness Drives From schools to self-help groups, TSF goes all out to educate individuals regarding posture, diet, and the need for early diagnosis. Conclusion Spinal disorders need not always be visible, but their effects are strongly felt — particularly in rural India. Ranging from continuous pain that confines movement to birth deformities that impact the lives of children, the impact is broad and complex. But here’s the best part: with timely intervention, awareness, and appropriate care,

Rural Healthcare Challenges in India: An opportunity to ignite meaningful change and uplift millions. In rural India—our nation’s heartland where over 65% of our people reside—the notion of healthcare as a fundamental right is far from within reach. Whereas urban pockets are enriched with multispecialty hospitals, internet consultations, and speedy diagnostics, the contrast could not be greater in villages. Rural India is faces ingrained healthcare issues: inadequate infrastructure, great distances to travel, a severe lack of trained physicians, and, perhaps most critically, a growing chasm of trust between patients and formal healthcare providers. These obstacles are even more concerning when the health issue at hand is time-sensitive like spinal health. This blog delves into the complicated, ground-level realities of healthcare in rural areas and showcases the efforts of organizations such as The Spine Foundation (TSF) to bridge that gap—taking spine care to the remotest corners where it is most needed. The Ground-Level Reality of Healthcare in Rural India 1. Chronic Shortage of Trained Physicians One of the largest rural healthcare challenges is a lack of physicians and specialists. The majority of trained staff take on urban postings—lured by improved pay, upgraded facilities, and a more comfortable living. In most rural hospitals, physicians are required to deal with 24/7 emergencies without any support system. There are no basic diagnostic facilities, and referral systems are inoperative or missing. This leads to Primary Health Centers (PHCs) devoid of specialists, where patients are given partial or no care—even for life-threatening spine-related problems. 2. Inadequate Medical Infrastructure Most PHCs function with very few resources—poor quality mattresses, faulty washrooms, and with bad sanitary conditions in rural areas. A hospital without a stable power supply can’t operate an X-ray machine or even sterilize surgical instruments. This puts the healthcare provider in an impossible position, particularly in spine care, where precise imaging and sterile conditions are not negotiable. 3. Poor Connectivity and Geographical Isolation For those in tribal belts or far-flung villages, the closest hospital may be several hours away. Roads are unpaved and transport out of reach. Emergency cases—such as spinal injuries from accidents or falls—often prove fatal because of the sheer amount of time required to get to help. Follow-up routine or physiotherapy sessions are the things next to impossible, denying post-operative or chronic spine patients continuity of care. 4. Electricity and Equipment Shortages Even if hospitals are not far away, long power interruptions can render equipment such as MRIs or surgical lasers useless. Most spine diagnostics and treatments rely on electricity-based technologies—without which even the best surgeon is rendered useless. 5. Language and Cultural Barriers In rural India, where the dialect and customs differ very much, the physician-patient relationship is based on trust and communication. When patients are misunderstood or judged, they do not come back nor do they adhere to medical counsel. In those cases, they seek help from local healers or unqualified practitioners, which would potentially delay or complicate spinal conditions. Inadequate cultural sensitivity in the provision of healthcare remains a silent but debilitating obstacle in rural spine care. 6. Lack of Organized Referral Systems If a villager is suffering from spinal TB, slipped disc, or neurological weakness, he or she might go to a general physician who lacks the equipment to diagnose properly. Without an established referral chain, patients and families become bewildered—end up wasting time and money on trial-and-error treatments. The Ripple Effect on Spinal Health Spinal illness—be it the result of aging, injuries, heavy work, or infection—calls for prompt and accurate treatment. Without it, the outcome can be catastrophic: Chronic, ongoing pain Paralysis or loss of mobility Emotional and mental decline Permanent disability and dependency In rural areas, these conditions go untreated for years. By the time the patient arrives at a hospital, their condition has typically progressed to the point that even surgery will not restore function. Many quietly suffer—either unaware that their problem is curable or lacking the means to get the care they require. The Promise of Change: How The Spine Foundation is Rewriting the Narrative At the junction of rural healthcare and specialist spinal care is The Spine Foundation (TSF)—an organization ushering in access to spine care in these underserved regions. Rural Spine Camps TSF organizes free spine consultation and surgery camps in some of India’s most distant villages. The camps offer precise diagnostics and, if necessary, minimally invasive procedures—ensuring that patients are able to get excellent care without having to travel to urban centers. Mobile Physiotherapy Units (MPUs) Recovery from spinal conditions is a journey. TSF’s MPUs take physiotherapy, and rehabilitation services to villages, so treatment isn’t just ended with surgery—it’s followed through with a good recovery. Training Local Doctors Instead of fostering dependency, TSF prefers developing local capacity. Through educating rural doctors and healthcare professionals in spine diagnosis as well as post-care management, TSF enables communities to be self-sufficient and sustainable in the long term. Culturally Sensitive Care TSF’s model prioritizes community. It focuses on language sensitivity, compassion, and cultural literacy, making patients feel safe and valued—because trust is the foundation of healing. What Must Change to Truly Enhance Rural Spine Healthcare? Although TSF is significantly impacting change, more systemic change is necessary to enhance healthcare delivery in rural India: Improving rural healthcare infrastructure: Well-functioning PHCs with reliable electricity, sanitation, and equipment. Encouraging rural postings: Providing higher remuneration, accommodation, and long-term career trajectories for rural doctors. Enhancing road connectivity: So emergency services and MPUs can reach patients in time. Establishing community trust: Through local health worker training and community outreach. Scaling up digital healthcare: With telemedicine hubs, rural patients can see specialists without having to travel. Identifying spinal health as a public health priority: Particularly in labour-intensive rural economies, where spinal problems are more prevalent. Conclusion: From Margins to Mainstream The story of rural healthcare in India—spinal care in particular—is one of neglect, but also resilience and hope. The work of organizations such as The Spine Foundation is an indication that sensitive, community-focused models of care can achieve deep and long-term transformation. For

The Impact of Agriculture on Spinal Health: Learn how daily farming activities impact spinal health in agricultural workers across rural India. India’s farmers are the silent heroes of our country. Every meal we savor is the fruit of their toil—sunrise to sunset, hot or rainy, but always through. But what goes into this great work behind the scenes is not so commonly heard about: the strain that farming puts on their spinal health. In rural India, where farming is not just a living—it’s a lifestyle—farmers work long hours doing physically intensive labour. These range from ploughing fields, planting seeds, planting saplings, watering fields by hand, lugging heavy bags of produce, and harvesting crops by hand. And on top of this, the endless bending, lifting, and walking for miles, and it’s not difficult to understand how their backs get battered. The Daily Physical Cost of Farming 1. Repetitive Bending and Stooping Work such as weeding, planting, or harvesting usually compels farmers to be bent over for hours at a time. There’s little back support, and breaks are very rare. It results in chronic lower back pain over time. It’s not just a ache—it’s pain that increases with time. Indeed, research indicates that over 80% of Southeast Asian rice farmers suffer from lower back pain, particularly during transplant season. 2. Lifting Heavy Weights We all complain when we lug a shopping bag up the stairs. Now consider lifting 50-kg bags of rice, fertilizer, or farm produce every day, usually without any supportive equipment. And it’s not just a single or two loads—it’s dozens. Poor lifting posture and no back support make this one of the largest causes of musculoskeletal disorders in farmers. 3. Manual Handling of Tools and Machinery Even if machinery is used, it’s most often manual or half-manual implements such as tillers, hoes, or hand pumps. They demand high levels of physical strength. The jerks and repetition can initiate problems such as herniated disks and long-term back injuries, particularly when continuous for extended durations without rest. 4. Working Non-Stop with Little Rest Farmers farm seasonally, and when the season arrives, it’s a battle against nature. Whether it’s planting ahead of the initial rains or reaping before the storm arrives, there’s no time for leisure breaks. The urgency doesn’t allow much physical recovery time, and muscle tiredness slowly compounds into something worse. 5. Long Travel for Essentials It’s easy to lose track of just how far many rural farmers have to go just to procure seeds, fertilizers, or even go to a mandi. These trips—often undertaken on bumpy roads via tractors, two-wheelers, or even bullock carts—are physically draining and add yet another stress on already strained spines. When Pain Becomes a Way of Life When back pain becomes a daily reality, it doesn’t hurt only physically—it affects everything. Decreased Productivity: Pain slows down movement, making ordinary farm work more difficult and longer. Loss of Income: Less work means lower yields, which translates directly to earnings. Higher Medical Expenses: Ironically, those who earn the least tend to spend more on treating advanced spine problems—money they can’t afford to lose. Mental Stress: Continuous pain can result in frustration, anxiety, and even depression—especially when there’s no one to discuss it with. Most farmers neglect the symptoms until the pain is too much, usually because they don’t want to lose a day’s work or can’t afford to go to the doctor. So, What Can Be Done? Ergonomic Solutions That Actually Work Small tools and technique adjustments can make a significant difference: Light, ergonomically shaped tools minimize the need for unnecessary bending or lifting. Lifting technique and proper posture workshops enable farmers to safeguard their backs even while they continue working. Where these interventions have been put in place, research indicates a significant reduction in spine injuries and pain. Regular Check-Ups and Preventive Care If farmers could have regular health checks, spine issues would be detected early—before they become disabling or serious. A little ache today might be a slipped disc tomorrow. Prevention is always cheaper (and better) than cure. Physiotherapy for Farmers Physiotherapy isn’t reserved only for sports stars. It is one of the best methods to recover from a back injury or to develop strength. Yet in many villages, such access is zero or limited. That’s when mobile physiotherapy units make all the difference. Awareness is Key Most farmers just do not know that their pain is treatable, or worse—believe that it is a part of life they must endure. Awareness campaigns can inform people, dispel myths, and get people to seek early treatment. The Spine Foundation: Supporting the Farmers This is where The Spine Foundation (TSF) comes in, taking on an important role of ensuring that farmers don’t suffer in silence. Free Spine Camps are set up in villages where farmers get expert advice, diagnostic checks, and even treatments or free surgeries when required. Local Health Worker Training makes sure there is always a person in the village who knows basic spine care and can refer complicated cases. Mobile Physiotherapy Units (MPUs) are reaching villages that even minimalist ambulances can’t, providing on-the-spot rehabilitation and muscle-strengthening exercises. Research & Advocacy: TSF also researches the actual problems rural farmers encounter and uses this information to advocate for policy reform and improved support mechanisms. The Roadblocks: Challenges We Can’t Ignore Of course, the path isn’t smooth. Remote Locations make it difficult to reach certain communities on a regular basis. Limited Awareness means most continue to suffer, thinking that nothing can assist them. Financial Constraints tend to leave families with no choice between a doctor’s visit or food on the table. Traditional Beliefs at times keep individuals from believing in modern medicine. These obstacles can be overcome—with determination, community support, and caring outreach. The Way Forward: Healthy Farmers, Stronger India To truly support the backbone of our nation, we must care for their backbones too. Support from the government is essential—providing subsidies for ergonomic equipment, incorporating spine health into rural health programs, and supporting NGOs such

Empowering Rural India: Transformative Impact of Training Local Doctors in Spine Care In India’s wide and stunning expanse, rural populations are generally hidden away in remote corners that are difficult for modern healthcare to access—particularly for specialty services such as spine care. The truth is, millions of people in these populations quietly endure spinal disorders that compromise their quality of life, productivity, and even their ability to walk or work. But The Spine Foundation (TSF), a strong-missioned not for profit organization, is making a change, through training local doctors in spine care, by this TSF not only enhances diagnosis and treatment in these underserved areas, but also builds a sustainable, community-based solution that can actually reshape rural healthcare in the long term. Why Spine Care in Rural India Matters More Than We Think Spinal problems are not merely an issue of age or trauma—they’re associated with lifestyle, malnutrition, hard work, and untreated injury. In rural India, where individuals tend to neglect back or neck pain until it is excruciating, these untreated issues ultimately result in disability, chronic pain, or even death. Many don’t even know that what they are experiencing is a spinal issue. Add to that, there is lack of accessible healthcare, economic limitations, and no nearby specialists.  How Training Local Doctors is Creating Real, Lasting Change Rather than deploying a few experts to go around villages for a few days, TSF goes the intelligent, long-term way: they train the physicians who are already residing and working in these communities. Here’s how that makes a world of difference: 1. Earlier and Better Diagnoses If local physicians are equipped to identify spine-related problems, they can diagnose them early. And early diagnosis is key in the care of the spine. It can spell the difference between a complete cure and permanent disability. 2. No More Long, Expensive Travel The majority of rural families are not in a position to afford taking days off, visiting cities, and paying for consultations. With skilled doctors in their own villages, patients can access timely, inexpensive care—right in their neighbourhoods. 3. Post-Surgical Support Where It’s Needed One of the most neglected but most vital aspects of spine care is rehabilitation. Post-surgery, the actual fight lies in physiotherapy and follow-up. Local physicians who are trained in post-op procedures assist patients in adhering to rehab schedules, heal better, and prevent complications. 4. Trust That Can’t Be Bought Patients in villages have a strong faith in the health workers they have known for years. Training the physicians from the local areas strengthens the communication bridge between sophisticated spine care and grass-roots trust, making sure individuals actually complete treatment. What The Spine Foundation Is Doing On the Ground TSF doesn’t merely speak of impact—they act, with carefully crafted programs that extend to the most remote locations: Fellowship Programs Rural doctors are chosen and trained in spine care through rigorous fellowships. These fellowships combine theory with practical, hands-on experience, so these doctors are well prepared when they go back to treat their people. Rural Spine Care Centres (RSCCs) Through partnerships with government hospitals, TSF establishes RSCCs, where local doctors who have been trained work together with experienced spine specialists. It’s mentorship in action—and knowledge transfer at its best. Mobile Physiotherapy Units (MPUs) TSF’s MPUs don’t only treat. Vans take spine rehab and physio to villages, with local health workers having the opportunity to observe and learn. But Let’s Be Real—There Are Challenges Too While there is fantastic work going on, some real challenges persist: Infrastructure Gaps: Rural clinics lack essential equipment, which makes it difficult to implement what has been learned. Brain Drain Risk: Trained physicians could ultimately head to cities for improved compensation or facilities. Keeping them in rural settings is a challenge. Staying Apace with Developments: Medicine continues to advance. Keeping rural doctors updated involves TSF constantly putting in time, money, and guidance. Why Post-Surgical Rehab Is So Important in Villages The general public tends to believe that after surgery, the issue is resolved. Rehabilitation, however, is only half the battle—particularly in spinal care. In rural areas, where physiotherapists are scarce, trained physicians are the go-to contact. They assist by: Developing individualized rehab plans according to the patient’s workday and lifestyle. Monitoring closely and adjusting exercises accordingly. Teaching patients and their families dos and don’ts to prevent future problems. This type of care can be the difference between a person walking again—or not. The Ripple Effect on the Whole Healthcare System Educating local physicians isn’t only beneficial for spine care—it elevates the entire rural health system. It instills confidence in rural healthcare professionals. It encourages community health literacy. And it saves families from financial strain due to long-distance treatments. Conclusion: Empowerment That Starts from Within Educating local physicians in spine care is not a medical fix—it’s a movement. One that strengthens rural India from within, installs sustainable change, and forms a network of trust and healing that cannot be matched by any external intervention. The Spine Foundation vision isn’t simply about the treatment of patients—it’s about transforming the way rural healthcare functions, making it resilient, more independent, and profoundly human. And in a nation where so many remain distant from modern healthcare centers, that’s exactly the kind of thoughtful, sustainable thinking we require.   Because lasting change doesn’t result from parachuting in solutions—it emerges from cultivating them within the community.

How is The Spine Foundation Bringing Spine Care to Everyone? The Real Picture: Spine Health in Rural India Spine health is something we never consider—until it begins to affect every move we take. And in India, that moment arrives all too soon for too many individuals. In the fields of Maharashtra, the hills of Uttarakhand, and in many such isolated regions, there are individuals suffering from untreated spinal injuries, slipped discs, and deformities which could have been treated.. if only assistance had reached them soon enough. While urban India is progressing with sophisticated surgeries and high-tech hospitals, rural India is fighting for the bare essentials—often not even having a doctor in the vicinity, much less a specialist. The majority of rural families are unable to afford traveling long distances or taking time off work to see a spine surgeon. And even if they manage to do so, the expense of surgery is something that they cant afford. This is the space that The Spine Foundation (TSF) has worked hard to fill and bring spine care for everyone. Not with giant hospitals or hoardings, but with human-centric solutions that penetrate to the heart of India’s villages. Understanding the Problem: Why Rural Areas Suffer Most Spinal conditions are among the global top 10 causes of disability, and India is not an exception. The issue is particularly severe in rural and tribal areas because of: Early exposure to physical labor Poor nutrition and healthcare Lack of knowledge regarding spine health No access to spine experts or diagnostic equipment Misinformation and stigma regarding spinal deformities Most of the villagers are living with chronic pain, crawling at times, unable to walk by themselves, and entirely unaware that their condition can be treated. Worse, they are usually misdiagnosed or neglected. This is where TSF chose to act—with compassion, medical knowledge, and vision for the long term. The Spine Foundation: Walking With the Forgotten Established by Dr. Shekhar Bhojraj, one of India’s leading spine surgeons, The Spine Foundation started with a revolutionary thought: “If the patients can’t come to the doctor, the doctor must go to the patients.” And that’s precisely what TSF has been doing—reaching out to villages where even ambulances don’t venture and healing people who had no clue spine care existed. 1. Spine Camps: Where Hope Meets Action One of the strongest pillars of outreach by TSF is its Spine Health Camps. These are mass-scale, free camps held in tribal and inaccessible regions, often in partnership with local NGOs, village panchayats, or hospitals. These are not mere routine check-ups. They are: Comprehensive diagnosis sessions conducted by experts in spines Deformity, nerve compression, infection, and injury screening Conducted in places where even primary care is a luxury What is wonderful about these camps is the number and variety of patients—children who have scoliosis, lower back pain sufferers who are farmers, elderly women who cannot stand, accident victims who have never been treated. Each individual is screened by experienced doctors, orthopaedic experts, physiotherapists, and wherever necessary, schedule is given for surgery or follow-up. Through these spine camps, thousands of lives have been transformed—with individuals getting their ability to walk back, ability to work, and the ability to live with dignity. 2. Mobile Physiotherapy Units (MPUs): Where Spine Care Really Begins Many isolated pockets of India, people live with years of nagging backache not knowing even what’s ailing them—nor how to go about treating them. There are no local hospital, no specialist to help direct them. That’s when The Spine Foundation’s Mobile Physiotherapy Units (MPUs) enter the picture—in their own gentle yet powerful way in making an impact. These MPUs are rolling clinics with a mission. They are equipped with trained physiotherapists, they travel far into tribal lands and villages where medical care never gets. What they provide is simple yet very meaningful: on-the-spot free physiotherapy, a sympathetic listening ear, and in many instances, the first opportunity ever someone has had to know what is going on with their spine. The individuals who enter an MPU usually come with pain they’ve endured for years—some hunched over, some unable to walk, some children with noticeable deformities. The physiotherapists don’t simply treat them; they watch closely, carefully examine their movements, and attempt to discern if there’s something more at play. For most patients, the MPU visit is a turning point. Some are relieved with guided exercises. Others are flagged for additional diagnosis, imaging, or even surgery—and they’re then sent to local Regional Spine Care Centres (RSCCs) for further treatment. The Foundation makes sure that they aren’t left in hanging; follow-up is planned accordingly. In a sense, MPUs are where the healing process starts. They’re not showy. There’s no grand setup. But they go where others won’t, and they meet people where they are—literally and emotionally. For a person who’s been quietly suffering, this mobile unit may be the first time they feel seen, heard, and assisted. 3. Regional Spine Care Centres (RSCCs): Enabling Rural Areas to Become Independent TSF does not only stop by at villages and depart. It establishes its roots. The RSCCs are temporary clinics established in rural strategic areas. They are fitted with: Diagnostic equipment (such as X-rays) Trained local doctors and support staff Patient referral systems Teleconsultation access with spine specialists In this manner, local communities have access to qualified assistance and patients don’t have to travel hours for simple consultations. These centres become spinal healthcare hubs, being the first point of diagnosis and even providing treatments locally. 4. Training Rural Doctors: Building a Stronger Health Workforce Instead of trusting only city physicians or short-term volunteers, TSF has instead invested in educating local doctors and health workers. This makes the whole project sustainable and community-focused. They learn to: Identify early signs of spine ailments Refer complex cases to RSCCs or hospitals Offer physiotherapy Follow up after surgery This model empowers rural healthcare, creates jobs locally, and makes sure that care does not end when the visiting team departs. 5. Affordable and Free Surgeries: Because